Nature as Architect

EmbryOme 1 

Nature has long been the most ingenious engineer, and the EmbryOme 1 project harnesses this principle. Researchers at the Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment have developed a groundbreaking method of transforming loose sand into solid architectural elements using the microscopic capabilities of Sporosarcina pasteurii bacteria.

These microorganisms function as living construction workers. When submerged in a controlled liquid environment, they bind sand particles together through a process called biomineralisation. By forming calcium carbonate crystals underwater, they naturally cement sand particles into a solid material—essentially transforming sand into stone through a biological process.

The research team's "Water Kilns" are sophisticated bioreactors—biological systems where chemical interactions transform inert materials. Through multiple experimental configurations, they meticulously tested and examined the complex interactions between bacterial activity, nutrient composition, and material formation.

Critical insights have emerged about the biomineralisation process. The researchers discovered that the precise balance of nutrients, calcium concentrations, and medium cycling can dramatically alter the material's structural properties. A prototype column demonstrates the practical potential of this method in creating actual building components.

This research represents far more than a technical innovation. It embodies a profound reimagining of architectural design, envisioning buildings not as static, imposed structures, but as living, responsive systems capable of adaptation, breathing, and environmental interaction.

By mimicking natural growth mechanisms, the team challenges conventional engineering approaches. They propose a future where buildings are cultivated rather than constructed. This mirrors our original philosophy of working with nature rather than against it.

While challenges remain in creating consistently predictable material transformations, each experiment brings the researchers closer to a revolutionary vision. Their ultimate goal extends beyond material innovation: they seek to develop biotechnologies that create structures which sustain life and are, in turn, sustained by life itself.

Research Team

Crystal Wang

Thora H Arnardottir

Jamie Haystead

Soley Eiriksdottir

Meng Zhang

Martyn Dade-Robertson

References: The Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment